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Essay on Tobacco Companies and Cigarette Packaging
Should tobacco companies be required to include graphic images of health problems on cigarette packaging?
Explain how this issue relates to and why is it significant to the legal and/or ethical environment of business?
Graphic warning labels on cigarette packs are important in that they discourage smokers from smoking too much, avoid smoking at home and in front of pregnant women and children. Warning labels also help them understand risks associated with the habit of smoking and those who will feel the effect might quit smoking. The tobacco industries in most countries are however opposed to this idea claiming that there is no legality in it. For instance, the EU Court of justice had ruled against Japan Tobacco International and British American Tobacco. These two companies had argued that the directive requiring them impose large health warnings on cigarettes was a violation of the right to property and trade mark protection. But whenever legal challenges have been made by some of these industries courts have ruled against them. This is because the tobacco health consequences are many and has become an urgent global health problem that needs legal intervention (Arthur, 2006)).

Why is this issue of interest to you?
Warning labels are important in that they increase the public knowledge about risks one might face when using tobacco, which can influence their decisions about smoking in the future. Warning labels are the only effective ways the government can use to communicate to the public concerning the health risks of tobacco as they contain both words and pictures. (more…)

Comparing and Contrasting Two Poems:
The poet William Wordsworth wrote a poem by the name World Is Too Much with Us. In the poem, the author is uncertain about the world of the First Industrial Revolution for being immersed in materialism, as well as, making itself far from nature, and the poems fourteen lines are written in iambic pentameter(Phillips 54). On the other hand, Hopkins wrote a poem entitled God’s Grandeur. However, Hopkins used this poetry to show his religious commitment, obtaining his images from the natural world. Hopkins saw nature inspiring, as well as, establishing his presumptions of inscape together with interest to discover the sign of God in every living thing. With regard to these presumptions the acknowledgment of an object’s unique character, which was imparted upon that object by God, draws us nearer to Christ. Likewise, the magnificence of the natural work together with an individual’s appreciation of such beauty assists people to worship God. In general, the two poets base their arguments on matters concerning the nature. (more…)

Revelation a short story by Flannery O’Connor depicts the life lived by many Southerners who claim to have a personal relationship with God. The story clearly outlines the pretense in Christianity, many claim to follow God’s teaching yet they act contrary. Mrs. Turpin, a church leader clearly brings out the character of judgmental and Christians who harbor racisms in their hearts instead of taking all individuals as God’s created beings that are equal.

O’Connor uses symbolism to illustrate this well; we also find imagery being incorporated to bring out the grace of God in the general life. On arrival at the doctor’s office with her husband Claud, Mrs. Turpin starts assessing the patients in the waiting room in her own mindset instead of minding Claud’s ulcer inflicted at the farm by a cow kick. We find clear descriptions of, a pleasant-smart lady, a well-dressed, gray-haired old lady, a “white-trash” lady, her mother and son with dirty clothes, an adolescent with acne. Mrs. Turpin also occupies some of her nights classifying people as; home owners, home and land owners and so on. O’Connor uses Imagery to describe this trait. (more…)

Teacher observation method is a quantitative method of measuring classroom behavior through direct observation, the events that the teacher discerns and records in per taking his responsibilities. The instructor collects data that focus on the frequency of behaviors that occur in the classroom and takes into account the duration taken in per taking that foreign language. This involves giving students brief and clear explanations alongside a wealth of exercises for them to practice to perfection. This enables students to practice what they have learned, receive feedback from the tutors and apply the concept in writing about the foreign language. I observed the following teaching aspects when I attended a foreign language.

The teacher gave the students an outline of the topic of the day in the foreign language before the commencement of the class. The teacher gave students course outlines that guided the students through the prospects of the topic. This aspect got a positive feedback from the students since it gave them a structure of what they were supposed to per take all through the lesson. The students took 15 minutes to proofread the course outline so that they could make modifications, own interpretations, slants and theories about the topics in the foreign language (Trimble, 79). (more…)

The demand and therefore price of some goods is determined by their price elasticity of demand. Since Education is nowadays a need, producers of this needs have deemed it possible to increase price of any input related to academics as no one can do without it. The price for holiday and part time tuition has reached its highest levels with the prices of some text books also unaffordable. If one was in this business (producing text books and that of teaching students during tuition) he could have made a lot of profits because he is in a position to increase the price without altering the quantity demanded. In situations where people’s income is in collaboration with other stakeholders comes in to sponsor education by buying text books and subsidizing the cost of education. The main reason behind this logic is that these services have their price elasticity of demand as perfectly inelastic. An example to product that depicts the same characteristics is alcohol and cigarettes. (more…)

Outline Template
The main reason as to why the world is slowly transforming into a noisy world is due to the effect that psychologist describe as the cocktail party effect. This effect has really made the world to be a world where people are unable to air their views but only a few individuals can. Activists who stand for noble intentions also find themselves in this quagmire such that they end up being tagged as extremists just like those who blew up the Twin Towers.
What was the thesis question that you used to find your thesis claims?

The thesis question that was used to formulate the thesis was….why is the noise level going up in every sphere of life?
What is your thesis? (more…)

Introduction
Violent media is one of the issues in the modern world, where parents, teachers and the society in general are increasingly worried over the effect of violent media on the developing children. For instance, the society has fears that children who are exposed to violent media will grow to be violent people, giving way to a violent society. However, Gerald Jones, in his argument ‘violent media is good for kids’, says that in contrary to what the society believes, or is made to believe, violent media builds strong, courageous and effective group in the society. In addition, violent media helps the children learn the reality within our society, which is ridden with violence in several ways.

The critical analysis
While it appears that Gerald Jones is wrong in his arguments, there is an aspect of truth at least from his case studies he took in his research. In addition, while no one would support exposure of the young children to violence and violent scenes, not at least in a stable civilization like America, it is quite evident that violent media provides the children and the young people in the society with certain lessons in life. It becomes clear that the children that Jones took as a sample in his research and presented in the essay are an indication of the contrasting aspects of what our society believes. For example, Jones talks of his own childhood life, in which the parents and the teachers instilled fear in him, separating him from the reality and the age mates. In the name of educating the social ethics and morals in our children, we tend to alleviate them from the reality, which actually makes the children develop a characteristic of poor perception of the reality within their society. Consider the case of Jones in his childhood; the mother and the teachers made assumptions that the world or rather the society is perfect- that there is no violence, and if it exists, the children should not be exposed or made to learn of its existence. Further, they assumes that the children will never encounter or be involved in a violent scene, which means that they cannot defend themselves, having been taught to either avoid violence or walk away from the scene. This is quite wrong because at one time in life, each person is likely to encounter such as scenario, where self-defense or an intervention is necessary. While we may think that Jones is exaggerating his views on his life, there is some truth in that the contemporary world is quite complex, with cases of violence reported each day in our lives. (more…)

Introduction

In understanding a subject, training events are ideal in order to come up with information that is comprehensive, readable and can be easily accessed.

When creating a Self-Designed Training event, it is appropriate to identify the kind of information to be delivered followed by breaking down of the training into elements that are easy to manage.

Before settling on a training opportunity, it is necessary to analyze training needs.

Skills and knowledge of online program planning and development can help create learning platform through initiatives such as a Synchronous E-Learning(Nilson, 2004).

This paper therefore seeks to design a 30-60 minute training program using technology.

The study further aims at providing an insight into the reasons why the Synchronous E-Learning Platform is needed and ways to overcome any perceived training obstacles.

Synchronous E-Learning

Creation of synchronous e-learning project involves conceptualizing and building of ideas to come up with an effective way of communication.

The main aim is to achieve the targeted outcomes of learning, imagination and creativity.

This type of learning is supported by computers and it is fast growing in providing learning opportunities internationally and locally.

It has enhanced use of computer in sharing knowledge between students and their instructors.

In recent times, communication technologies have been deployed across the world to promote this type of learning.

Apart from that, the world wide web may be used to avail information to users after analysis, designing, building and testing of synchronous e-learning training event.

Steps of developing synchronous e-learning

First, the instructor selects relevant dimensions to put into consideration when designing the event. In this case, the dimensions will be learners.

The instructor then identifies any barriers to the effectiveness of the platform of learning.

Identification of major barriers to usability of the training like for instance if the learners are geographically dispersed or of they will, embrace the initiatives used to impart knowledge.

Selecting of technology in relation to the possible barriers that may occur during implementation of the process.

When working on a synchronous e- learning it is appropriate to ensure that the tools used support development of workflow, templates and skins of CSS, assessment of data, ease of using content and asset management that is efficient (Nilson, 2004).

Interaction with learners has four layers that is the portal, course delivery and the LMS.

Cont’d

It is at this point that a suitable LMS (learning management system) software is selected since it has the ability to manage transactions made in an online class, asses out comes associated with the learning processes as well as delivery of course content (Auerbach & Silberman, 2010).

In addition, the software can track and report progress made by the learner.

It is important to blend objectives of instructions, strategies for the learning activities. This is done in consideration of media types and mode of delivery.

On the other hand, an LCMS is used to organize curriculum courses and units of learning content that has been digitized (Anderson, 2010).

Digital assets in this case will include Microsoft word and any other text documents like PowerPoint slides and authoring documents that are instructional such as author ware and tool

books.

Cont’d

Testing and evaluation to ascertain the suitability of the training program is then conducted since an instructor is responsible for ensuring users are satisfied with the information provided.

E-learning can be made easier by availing policy documents to learners which may help in matters of clarity(Anderson, 2010).

Reasons why synchronous e-learning is needed

E-learning involves a large number of participants who seek to gain knowledge through a platform that provides different learning styles to meet their personal needs and preferences.

Synchronous e-learning is a convenient way of learning due to its availability to students who may wish to complete their training at off-hours or at home (Anderson, 2010).

Learners that are slow can benefit from the fact that this kind of learning is self paced hence reducing stress and increase user satisfaction.

Since e-learning provides reference that can be understood easily hence engaging users throughout the training session.

Portability of training is a major strength of synchronous learning in the sense that note book computers, mobile phones and points of linking networks reduces the burden of carrying volumes of books and other reference material (Auerbach & Silberman, 2010).

Cont’ d

Individuals embrace this type of learning with the aim of eliminating the frustration of having to read long passages of information .

Besides that, it is self-paced since learners who are advanced can speed through instructions provided.

Synchronous e-learning provides three styles of learning which include auditory, visual and kinesthetic (Nadler & Nadler,2004).

Furthermore, the cost of producing published works and their distribution have been reduced by this computer aided learning program.

The development of e-learning has enabled efficient training of people globally through a single platform.

In recent years, synchronous e-learning is being applied through the use of tools of virtual classroom on a wide scale.

Due to this, those employed in dispersed locations around the world and distance learners are able to interact, collaborate and access information without having to waste time and money on travelling (Nilson, 2004).

Through face to face classes that are made available to learners online, synchronous e-learning has eliminated chances of loneliness experienced by those using self paced e-learning technologies.

Ways to overcome any perceived training obstacles

Obstacles to training can be overcome by understanding the needs of the targeted audience. This is due to the preferences and expectations of users and this will enhance satisfaction.

By thorough analysis of the content bring displayed when designing the synchronous e-learning, it is advisable to analyze the information first then designing, building and testing of the training method follows afterwards.

This will ensure that the program is effective in educating users, readable and readily available.

When designing the training sessions, assembling materials with specific objectives of learning in mind can help meet requirements stipulated in a specified curriculum (Piskurich, 2004)

References

Auerbach ,C., & Silberman, M.(2010). Active Training: A Handbook of Techniques, Designs, Case Examples, and Tips. New York: John Wiley and Sons Publishers.

Anderson, T. (2010). The theory and practice of online learning. Alberta: Athabasca University Press.

Piskurich, M. G. (2004). The AMA handbook of e-learning: effective design, implementation, and technology solutions. New York: AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn Publishers.

Nadler, L., & Nadler, C.(2004). Designing training programs: the critical events model. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company.

Nilson, D. C. (2004). How to manage training: a guide to design and delivery for high performance. New York: AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn Publishers.

Part 1

It was a chilling morning in northwestern Kansas. A man, his wife and two children (boy and girl) returned to their home since it was showering and they decided to stay indoors. Additionally, life was not easy at the plains and many families relocated to other regions. As the man moved around his house, he noted that from a distance a small partition of fog and transparent cloud rotating and suddenly vanished. Also, it was coming towards their house. Suddenly, ferocious hail storm hit the house and the area around the house looked as if it was snowing.

The man feared for the safety of his family; so he decided to read an old newspaper. The man became occupied such that he did not notice when the storm was approaching. The winds were blowing at about 200 miles per hour and the created pressure of about fifteen tons on the side of the house. Suddenly, he noticed that rain water beneath his feet. He grabbed some sheets and tried to cover the spaces on the door of his house. The rain shingled the roof as well as threatened to break the entrance. They all decided to stay in their dining room.

The man became worried and stood at the window and he tried to wipe the windowpane that was clouded with moisture (Sebastian 259). It was raining so heavily such that it was difficult to view of far-off cabins. The lighting stuck and filled the house with blinding glare. This forced the children to stay close to the mother. The man tried to calm down his family but it was all in vain since the electricity went off a several times. After five hours, the house was filled with water. The family found a secured high place and they had nothing to cover themselves. It rained for five days and the water levels in the house reduced after three days. They were all unconscious but they were helped by good Samaritans.

More than eighteen people died while about one hundred and fifty lost their homes. In addition, the hail stormed damaged police vehicles, trucks as well as ambulance units (The Tornado Project). Most of houses had collapsed while car windows were shattered.

Part 2

Men and Cartoons by Jonathan Lethem contain nine short stories and the writer a lot of fictional words. The stories do not reflect the title of the book. “The Spray” is about man and woman who found a chemical compound, if sprayed it could expose things that had got lost (Mark). Someone had broken into the couple’s house and took the fax machine, the television and other things. The couple called the police. Four police officers and a dog visited the crime scene. They debriefed the couple and brought out a small canister and sprayed around the house. Before spraying, they masked their dog. The police officers explained to the couple as to why they were spraying the house; that is they were making “lost things visible” (Jonathan 48).After the spray settled, some spots in the house started glowing; this indicated what the burglar had stolen. It was noted that jewelry box, camera, walkman and pair of cull links were missing. Although the missing things were visible, one of the police officers explained to the couple that the things could not be touched since they were no longer there. The police officers accidentally forgot the canister and Addie took it. Addie sprayed Lucinda. An image of Lucinda was formed; it had short hair, the head laid on Charles’ shoulder. Lucinda and Charles wrestled for the spray and it went off. After the spray settled, images of Addie and Lucinda were formed. The story below borrows characters from Men and Cartoons.

Lucinda keeps her halo on the side of the bed. Addie is able to see the glowing arch of the halo when sleeping. The curtains are white they hang down to the floor; so it swishes softy in the gentle wind. Addie and Lucinda do not live on the beach, but they are close to it. When Addie wakes up, he likes watching Lucinda stretch her arms and yawn. Sometimes Lucinda hugs her shoulders and sits like a cat on her thighs while the hands are in front.

Addie pretends for some time that he is asleep as Lucinda enjoys the sunlight as well as the breeze and wriggles her shoulders. Afterwards, Lucinda fits the halo on her head and rises from the bed. Once Lucinda’s toes touch the floor, she sways like she weighs nothing while Addie looks at her (Jonas).

Lucinda kneels at the window and the birds continue to sing as combs her hair. Lucinda strokes a hundred times on side and does the same to the other side. Addie watches her falls into late morning dreams and he snaps out of it. Afterwards, Lucinda starts singing while eating a grapefruit. Addie decides get of the bed and Lucinda leans on the bed and greets him (Jonas).

They both have breakfast and fold clean clothes together. Addie starts to think why he has good things; for instance, he asks himself why deserves Lucinda. Lucinda freshens up and leaves for; she later kisses Addie goodbye. Addie decides to get out of the house since he is jobless. Addie looks for his pants in the laundry hamper and later goes to look for job (Jonas).

Addie decides to hang out with Samuel and Naomi. He takes few beers with them. Addie and Samuel sit on a sofa and start staring at the people moving and later Naomi joins them (Jonas).

Samuel and Naomi “are sharing a root beer float, off by the dining area. They’re not bad people. They love each other, I’m sure. Maybe people like them have a bad rap, or maybe they were just born into a bad situation” (Jonas). It is not Samuel and Naomi’s fault, and at least those Addie and Lucinda have someone to love. The music is loud enough that there is no need to talk. There is hissing sound of people skating which reminds Addie of the ocean’s wave. Someone could think that the “maze of green plastic stars above” them is the real (Jonas). Outside where they were sitting, the stars were shining while the people were shuffling to their flatcars in little small close groups and there seemed to be loneliness. Addie asks Lucinda, “What happens if you lose your wings?” Lucinda sighs and says she cannot fly (Jonas).

Afterwards, the music is changed. There skating noises as couples are skating together and some of them leave the floor while others hold each close. Lucinda extends her arms around Addie, Samuel and Naomi and they all glare at the light. The light of the colors keep on changing slowly and it seems as if they are not changing at all; the light flows across their face, lighting their cheeks and brushing through their hair. Lucinda watches Addie with her golden eyes as if they were alone. Addie takes Lucinda’s hands in and leans away. Lucinda follows Addie and they spin together below the cover of Lucinda’s arms.

  Addie wants to ask Lucinda why he deserves to have her love. Addie wants to find out what Lucinda thinks about their world “that makes it worth being” where they are (Jonas). Although it seems to be simple, Lucinda finds hard to explain. According to Addie, their world should be cheaper knock-off to Lucinda. This because the love Addie has for Lucinda can give her must just be a “shadow of what she knew” before they met together (Jonas).

Part 3

The Nick Adams Stories by Ernest Hemingway has five sections. The Big Two-Hearted River can be found in the soldier home section (Ernest 47). The story focuses Nick Adams’ healing process after World War I.

Based on the story above story, Adam jailed for forty years because of drug trafficking and child abuse. The day he is released there is no person to pick him. Adam walks sixty miles from the prison and later decides to walk across the field of corn to reach the nearby town. Adam was lucky to find a stream of water and abandoned house. He freshened up and looked for something to eat.

Afterwards, he moved along the stream and to find place to camp. There was no person that Adam could talk to; so he could spend most of the time thinking. In order to avoid thinking, Adam distracted himself by doing something constructive like weeding around his camp and trying to learn more about nature. When Adams went to bed, he tried to recall about his family as well as the close friends he had before he was imprisoned. At times he used to curse himself and tried to think of the good things that he did to people. In addition, before he went to bed, he always hoped that he would find someone to befriend. Every action meant that Adam was fragile and he could breakdown any time; he became frustrated Adams’ reaction after his first fish. Adams calmed himself down going to the shore and smoking a cigarette.

Every morning Adams would wake up and start fishing. After taking breakfast, he will go to the forest to find bait that is grasshoppers. As Adam interacts with nature e.g. fishing, he condition continues to stabilize. That is Adam no longer focuses on negative things like he was hopeless after the war. He tries to learn more on the environment instead of watching thing go wrong around him. After catching a small fish, he releases it due to the fact that he would catch another big fish. Additionally, if the big fish escapes, Adams decides to catch medium sized fish. As time goes on, Adams loses interest in fishing and he hopes to get a book and read it.

Works Cited

Ernest, Hemingway. The Nick Adams Stories. Amereon Limited, 1990.

Jonas, Hurwitz. Simon at the Shore Line. 2011. 1 September 2011 <http://www.eastoftheweb.com/short-stories/UBooks/SimoShor883.shtml>.

Jonathan, Lethem. Men and Cartoons. Vintage, 2005.

Mark, Flanagan. Men and Cartoons. 2011. 1 September 2011 <http://contemporarylit.about.com/od/shortfiction/fr/menAndCartoons.htm>.

Sebastian, Junger. The Perfect Storm: A True Story of Men Against the Sea. Norton & Company, 2000.

The Tornado Project. Stories. 1999. 1 September 2010 <http://www.tornadoproject.com/stories/stories.htm>.

The data which has been taken into consideration in this case includes, position and intrinsic data type. Reason for selections includes, within case selection for both quantitative and qualitative data types. The first few analysis techniques used in this case helped in organization of the whole data under study. Different data types and groups within the given data have been identified as a separate case to help identify the single unique patterns within the two categories (qualitative and quantitative). The data provided in this case further entails cross-case analysis. Pair of cases can be determined from the given data there fore able to identify the mean, mode, average, variance, and standard deviation of each data provided in this case.

Positions 1

Intrinsic data type over view

• Mean 4.99567

• Mode 5.3

• Average 4.99567

• Variance 1.3541

• Standard deviation 1.16366

Pie chart representing the data

Position 2

Intrinsic data type over view

• Mean 5.57602

• Mode 6.2,5.3

• Average 5.57692

• Variance 0.1787

• Standard deviation 0.42273

Pie chart representing the data

Taking the two sets of charts into consideration, it can be seen that position 1 has a significantly higher value orders compared to position 2, that is in accordance to the mean 5.57602 and 4.99567. It can be pertained from analyzing the data and comparing the standard deviation of each data in this case. The standard deviation of position one (1.16366) is higher than that of position 2 (0.42273) taking intrinsic data into consideration.

Graphs and charts help in understanding of the data more clearly, an example is the one provided in this case. A pie chart has been used in this case, to try and explore the intrinsic data which has been shown by position 1 and 2. Pie charts have been chosen in this case to try and elaborate more towards the data. It serves the same purpose as a line graph or a bar graph. In this case it tends to show the difference between two different subjects. It thus further eschews the different subjects found in the essential part of the whole thing. It has further been chosen because it is the easiest chart to read and that why it’s mainly used in analysis of data.

Standard deviation and variance are used to measure confidence. Standard deviation tends to bring about aspects of diversity in statistics; it shows the total variation from the given specific mean. The higher the standard deviation from the mean the higher the variation and the vice are also true. In this case the data point tends to be close to the mean for position 2, while the vice is observed for the data in position 1. Confidence in statistical conclusion has also been easily defined by the standard deviation in this case. Estimation of the marginal error has been estimated to locate the total number of necessity in each case. Modified quantity of the data has further expressed the importance of standard deviation.

Variance or variation as presented in the case of data analogue is the square of standard deviation. It shows diversity in a set of group of data. It tends to show what precaution can be taken into consideration when choosing diversity for all the aspects delivered in this case.